Under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 (HASAWA), every employer has a legal duty to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health, safety, and welfare of all their employees at work. This is the cornerstone of UK health and safety law.
Core Employer Duties
- Provide a safe workplace — maintain premises, equipment, and systems of work that are safe and without risks to health
- Carry out risk assessments — identify hazards, evaluate risks, and implement control measures (a legal requirement under the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999)
- Provide information, instruction, and training — ensure employees understand risks and how to work safely
- Provide adequate welfare facilities — toilets, washing facilities, drinking water, rest areas
- Have a written health and safety policy — required for employers with 5 or more employees
- Consult with employees — on matters affecting their health and safety
- Display the HSE approved poster or provide the equivalent pocket card
- Have employers' liability insurance — minimum £5 million cover (with limited exceptions)
Management Regulations
The Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 expand on these duties, requiring employers to:
- Appoint competent persons to assist with health and safety
- Establish emergency procedures
- Carry out specific risk assessments for young workers and new/expectant mothers
- Provide health surveillance where appropriate
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